Pierre shale.

The sea's dark muds formed what is now known as the Pierre Shale, which is black and full of marine fossils. The seaway drained as the Rocky Mountains and Black Hills rose, and beginning around ...SEM photograph of Pierre type I shale after exposure to a silicate-based drilling fluid. The picture shows a silicate-"cake" of 10 μm thickness on the shale's surface. This cake prevents mud filtrate invasion and pressure penetration, and at the same time acts as a leaky membrane with high efficiency (typically 30-80%) that enables ...The Pierre shale sample was extracted from blocks obtained from a Colorado quarry (Cerasi et al., 2017), and further cored to make cylindrical plugs from which fragments were detached and stored in air at room temperature. The sample was glued onto a pin and mounted on a goniometer head with its bedding-plane normal essentially co-aligned with ...Learn about the geology and mineral resources of the western United States in this comprehensive report by the U.S. Geological Survey. Download the PDF file and explore the maps, diagrams, and tables.The purpose of data collection was to create generalized contour maps of Pierre Shale elevation and surficial deposit thickness within and near Ellsworth Air Force Base (study area). Natural gamma and electromagnetic induction (EMI) data were collected to refine or determine surficial deposit thickness at selected wells. Additionally, data from ...

Methane seeps in the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale of the U.S. Western interior contain a rich fauna including ammonites (Baculites, Hoploscaphites, Didymoceras, Placenticeras, Solenoceras ...Shale is a very fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock which is made up mostly of clay (defined as particles smaller than 1/256 mm) and which is fissile (tending to break along natural laminations, or planes of weakness, that are less than 1 cm thick). Generally, shale occurs in thin layers or beds and represent low-energy environments such as: offshore deposits of mud in ancient seas, in ...

28-Mar-2022 ... The Pierre Shale formed when Colorado was under a deep ocean. Sea sediments, mostly mud and clays, formed this layer, which is around 5,000 feet ...

Tests under constant consolidation stress (20 MPa) and compression perpendicular to bedding. (c) Stress–strain curves for Pierre-1 shale (USA) deformed with different orientations (θ) of ...Gastroliths from KUVP 129744. Scale = 10cm. An slightly different version of this page was published as: Everhart, M. J. 2000. Gastroliths associated with plesiosaur remains in the Sharon Springs Member of the Pierre Shale (late Cretaceous), Western Kansas. Kansas Acad. Sci. Trans. 103 (1-2):58-69. NOTE: This specimen is redescribed as possible ...In situ and laboratory geotechnical tests of the Pierre Shale near Hayes, South Dakota—A characterization of engineering behavior. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 23(2): 181–914. Crossref. Google Scholar. Nichols, T.C., Jr. 1992. Rebound in the Pierre Shale of South Dakota and Colorado Field and laboratory evidence of physical conditions ...The Pierre shale sample was extracted from blocks obtained from a Colorado quarry (Cerasi et al., 2017), and further cored to make cylindrical plugs from which fragments were detached and stored in air at room temperature. The sample was glued onto a pin and mounted on a goniometer head with its bedding-plane normal essentially co-aligned with ...

Goal: collect all Pierre Shale formation main fossil specimens. During my fossil hunting trips I collect a lot of different fossils but never take the time to figure out what it is exactly. Here I will record my trips and finds but more importantly try to identify what it is. This list will encourage me to not just look for the big marine ...

The Pierre Shale is a good target for electrical exploration because of the contrast between the relatively high resistivity sand/clay mix of the alluvium and the consistently low resistivity of the shale. SCHLUMBERGER SOUNDING Schlumberger sounding is a geophysical technique that uses variations in the electrical

The Pierre Shale Group is found in eastern South Dakota and western Wyoming in the United States of America. During the Cretaceous period, this area would have been part of the Western Interior Seaway, a marine environment. The Pierre is formed out of shale, sandstone, and bentonite. This group has been host to multiple fossil finds, including ...The land-fill is underlain by upland alluvial terrace deposits that overlie a thick and almost impermeable shale. Saturated thickness of the aquifer generally is from 5 to 10 feet. ... may be recharged by groundwater that is discharged from seeps at the contact of the upland terrace deposits and the Pierre Shale. The water is classified as a ...The Pierre Shale is the uppermost formation in the Cretaceous succession of northeastern . Nebraska. It overlies the Niobrara Formation and it is present under a small part of northwestern Cedar .Shales are sedimentary rocks that consist of mainly reactive and non-reactive clay minerals (smectite, illite, kaolinite, chlorite, vermiculite) and other forms of minerals like quartz, calcite, feldspar, and many more (Lyu et al., 2015).However, in the presence of water, reactive clay minerals present within the shale formation have been faced with …The Sharon Springs Member of the Pierre Shale (lower Campanian) is a black, organically rich shale deposited in the Western lnterior Seaway during the Claggett Cyclothem. Atmospheric and water ...

Detailed palynological analysis of depositional environments in carbonaceous shales and marlstones in the Cenomanian-Turonian (C-T) interval of the Cretaceous Western Interior seaway indicates that: (1) dinoflagellate species diversity, (2) ratio of Spiniferites to Cyclonephelium (S/C ratio), and (3) depositional organic facies are …Member of Pierre Shale. Gives a reference locality [section] for Pierre near Red Bird, secs 14 and 23, T38N, R62W, Powder River basin, in which the thickness of Red Bird is given as 607 ft. Consists of soft, silty shale containing yellow-, orange-, and tan-weathering fossiliferous limestone concretions.US And Canadian Fossil Sites -- Data for COLORADO. Version 0810 current as of OCT 2008. Back to States INDEX. Back to MAIN PAGEWe validated our numerical results through comparisons with theoretical constant-Q attenuation and dispersion solutions, field measurements from the Pierre Shale, and results from 2D viscoacoustic analytical modeling for the homogeneous Pierre Shale. We also evaluated different formulations to show separated amplitude loss and …Irreversible thermal compaction has been observed in Pierre shale 19 and for a Canadian shale 20; a thermo-elasto-plastic response under temperature variations similar to that observed in clays has been reported for Opalinus Clay 21 together with a decrease of the failure strength at high temperatures. 22 On the other hand, the evolution of ...Archelon ischyros: a ne gigantic cryptodire testudinate from the Fort Pierre Cretaceous of South Dakota. The American Journal of Science, series 4 2(12):399-412. Belongs to Archelon according to O. P. Hay 1930. ... Cheyenne River, which is in a Campanian/Maastrichtian terrestrial horizon in the Pierre Shale Formation of South Dakota.

Paleotemperatures based on vitrinite reflectance of shales and limestones in igneous dike aureoles in the Upper Cretaceous Pierre shale, Walsenburg, Colorado J.G. Woodward , F.F. Meissner , J.L. Clayton (Eds.) , Hydrocarbon Source Rocks of the Greater Rocky Mountain Region , Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists ( 1984 ) , pp. 387 - 392

Comparative analysis of niche environments like methane cold seeps in the WIS is limited by the temporally and spatially constrained distribution of seep environments in the Campanian Pierre Shale. Thus, there are few studies focusing on foraminiferal assemblages from either seep or non-seep deposits within the Pierre Shale (e.g., Mello, …Pierre Shale. Blue-gray to dark-gray, fissile to blocky shale with persistent beds of bentonite, black organic shale, and light-brown chalky shale. Contains minor sandstone, conglomerate, …Pierre Shale in the northern Great Plains (Shurr, 1977; 1980). A computer scan of the "Well History Control System", produced by the Petroleum Infor­ mation Corporation, selected one well per township from the 33,000 wells which penetrated the Pierre. The resulting sample of 5,000 control points(upper Campanian) Bearpaw Shale and Pierre Shale of the Western Interior of North America and lower jaws of the related ammonite Metaplacenticeras Spath, 1926, from the Campanian Yasukawa Formation of Hokkaido, Japan. One lower jaw is preserved inside the body chamber of Placenticeras costatum Hyatt, 1903.The Pierre Shale is underlain by the Niobrara Formation throughout all of the northern Great Plains and the Niobrara is the target of exten­ sive recent exploration for natural gas. The Pierre is covered by units of Late Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Pleistocene age. It appears that theWelcome to the Fossil Forum! I assume you collected at Baculite Mesa? If so (or anywhere in that area) the long cylindrical fossils are Baculites scotti if they are smooth. The outcrop is in the Baculites scotti zone of the Pierre Shale, and 99.9% of the Baculites there are that species. There is a second Baculites, B. texanus, that has strong nodes on the side, but they are very rare compared ...@article{osti_6131809, title = {Upwelling in Cretaceous western interior seaway}, author = {Parrish, J T and Gautier, D L}, abstractNote = {The Sharon Springs Member of the Pierre Shale, usually described as a stagnant-basin deposit, shares more features in common with upwelling zones than with stratified stagnant basins. Specifically, the overall facies distribution of the Sharon Springs ...General Information. Title: The Red Bird section of the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale in Wyoming Author(s): Gill, J.R., and Cobban, W.A. Publishing Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Series and Number: Professional Paper 393-A Larger Work: Stratigraphy, paleontology, and sedimentation of a classic reference locality of the Pierre ShaleAttenuation measurements were made near Limon, Colorado, where the Pierre shale is unusually uniform from depths of less than 100 ft to approximately 4,000 ft. Particle velocity wave forms were measured at distances up to 750 ft from explosive and mechanical sources. Explosives gave a well-defined compressional pulse which was observed along ...For the Pierre Shale specimens, the calculated temperatures of well-preserved jaw material match those of well-preserved shell material in the same individual. Analyses of the jaw elements in the Mooreville Chalk permit a comparison of the paleotemperatures between the two sites, and show that the Western Interior is warmer …

Most of the Pierre Shale exposures in East-central North Dakota are of the DeGrey Member. The most obvious feature of this member is a large amount of iron manganese carbonate concretions. The few fossils I find in the Pierre here are usually in these worn concretions. The first fossils I found didn't come from the Pierre at all but came from ...

Sharon Springs shale member of Pierre shale. Basal member of Pierre shale in Wallace County, northwestern Kansas, and its lithology differs widely from that of rest of formation. Upper 65 feet consists of flaky, somewhat bituminous black shale and, rarely, porous light-gray shale, both with abundant fish scales, gigantic septarian and smaller ...

part of the region, and the Pierre shale of Cretaceous age, which underlies the Ogallala formation throughout the region, crops out in the more deeply incised valleys. Many parts of the upland area are underlain by dune sand, and the principal valleys are underlain by alluvium of Quaternary age. The Ogallala formation contains thick beds of ...Cvancara, Alan M., "Gastropoda from the Pierre Shale (Upper Cretaceous) of Emmons County, south-central North Dakota" (1957). Theses and Dissertations. 66. https://commons.und.edu/theses/66 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons.Shale is a rock that has been formed from the compression of mud over time. Some black shale contains organic compounds that can be converted to oil or natural gas. Other colors of shale are crushed and mixed with water to create clay.A polycotylid about 3m in length. also present in the Pierre Shale Formation: Brimosaurus: B. grandis: Kansas: Fort Hays Limestone: A nomen dubium. Styxosaurus: S. snowii: Smoky Hill Chalk: 85-81.5 Ma ago: A large elasmosaurid about 12m in length, also present in the Pierre Shale Formation Elasmosaurus "E." sternbergiGeneral Information. Title: The Red Bird section of the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale in Wyoming Author(s): Gill, J.R., and Cobban, W.A. Publishing Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Series and Number: Professional Paper 393-A Larger Work: Stratigraphy, paleontology, and sedimentation of a classic reference locality of the Pierre ShaleArchelon is an extinct marine turtle from the Late Cretaceous, and is the largest turtle ever to have been documented, with the biggest specimen measuring 4.6 m (15 ft) from head to tail and 2.2–3.2 t (2.4–3.5 short …Pierre Shale (Upper Cretaceous) at surface, covers < 0.1 % of this area. Blue-gray to dark-gray, fissile to blocky shale with persistent beds of bentonite, black organic shale, and light-brown chalky shale. Contains minor sandstone, conglomerate, and abundant carbonate and ferruginous concretions. Thickness up to 1,000 ft (305 m).Top. Map showing methane seep in the middle-upper Campanian and Maastrichtian Pierre Shale in South Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, and Nebraska. The dark patches represent areas with …The Pierre shale sample was extracted from blocks obtained. from a Colorado quarry (Cerasi et al., 2017), and further cor ed. research papers. 748 Fredrik K. MuThis paper presents the evaluation of the stiffness and strength anisotropy of overconsolidated (OC) Bootlegger Cove Formation (BCF) clays at the Port of Alaska, formerly known as the Port of Anchorage. The stiffness and strength anisotropic material response was evaluated based on triaxial samples equipped with internal …Campanian, Baculites scotti Zone) of the Pierre Shale Formation (Baculite Mesa, Pueblo County, Colorado). This This nearly complete homolid, hereto described is the sixth species assigned to the ...Wieland with the giant sea turtle called Archelon that he discovered in the Pierre shale in South Dakota. Courtesy of the Yale Peabody Mus This photo shows Wieland in his back yard.

We were investigating a report of a mosasaur eroding out of the Weskan member of the Pierre Shale, immediately above the much better known Sharon Springs member. Hardly any people work on collecting fossils out of the Weskan, so we were excited for this opportunity in virtually unexplored country. The critter, RMDRC 14-015, got the …In particular, shales often show strong elastic anisotropy that originates from the alignment and platy nature of its constituent minerals, as underpinned by laboratory measurements provided by many authors (e.g., Lozovyi & Bauer, 2019; Szewczyk et al., 2018; Vernik & Nur, 1992; Wang, 2002b ).Garavito AM, Kooi H, Neuzil CE (2006) Numerical modeling of a long-term in situ chemical osmosis experiment in the Pierre Shale, South Dakota. Adv Water Resour 29:481-492. Article Google Scholar Ghassemi A, Diek A (2003) Linear chemo-poroelasticity for swelling shales: theory and application. J Petrol Sci Eng 38:199-212Instagram:https://instagram. how much does great clips paygeology surveynancy anschutzevoker battle rez In addition to the clay, cropping out in Dakota areas (Plummer and, Romary, 1947; Plummer and others, 1954), materials that merit attention include lignitic coal in the Dakota (Schoewe, 1952); oil shale of poor quality in the Dakota and Pierre Formations (Runnels and others, 1952); glass sand in the Cheyenne Formation (Nixon and others, 1950; Ro... sig ep kuparking permit ku Oil Shale Extraction - Oil shale extraction is more complicated than crude oil extraction; it includes the extra steps of retorting and refining. Read about oil shale extraction. Advertisement The process of extracting liquid crude oil from...The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force Civil Engineer Center, used surface-geophysical methods to delineate the top of Cretaceous Pierre Shale along survey transects in selected areas east and southeast of Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota, from April to September 2021. Two complementary geophysical methods—electrical resistivity and passive seismic—were ... learning other cultures In northern Hardin district, the upper member of the Judith is indistinguishable from Bearpaw strata. Thickness about 865 feet as exposed east of Hardin, Montana. Middle part of Bearpaw includes bentonite beds V, W, and X and is equivalent to Monument Hill bentonitic member of Pierre shale of the Black Hills.28-Mar-2022 ... The Pierre Shale formed when Colorado was under a deep ocean. Sea sediments, mostly mud and clays, formed this layer, which is around 5,000 feet ...The remains of Elasmosaurus were located by Turner at McAllaster Butte in the 'middle' or 'organic-rich shale' unit of the Sharon Springs Member (Zone of Baculites asperformis, lower Middle Campanian) of the Pierre Shale, Logan County, Kansas (Gill, Cobban, and Shultz, 1972).The middle unit is about 27 m (90 ft.) thick and extends upward to within 3 m (10 ft.) of the contact with the ...